Module `http/http`

http/http

Stability: unstable — the type surface was reworked on 2026-09-09 (`StatusCode` replacing a bare `status_code : i32`, `HeaderMap` replacing `ArrayList(HttpHeader)`) and gained `HttpResponse.version` on 2026-09-10 for connection reuse, so it is inside its one-release window. One decided-convention violation is still standing: `HttpRequest`/ `HttpResponse` carry `get_header`/`set_header` beside the `HeaderMap`'s own Rust-shaped `get`/`insert`/`append`, which is two spellings for one operation and the `get_*` prefix D2 rules out — the plan lists `get_header` among its D2 violations. Removing the pair is breaking, so it waits for a window; the multimap and `StatusCode` themselves are expected to stay. — stable modules only change additively; this one may still change.

HTTP core types — HttpMethod, StatusCode, HeaderMap, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, and the two parsers that turn wire bytes into them.

Pure values and pure text: nothing in this file does I/O or blocks, so it is equally usable in a client, in a server, and in a test. The parsers return Result(_, HttpParseError) rather than throwing (D13), which is what lets HttpServer.serve answer a malformed request with a 400 and keep serving instead of unwinding out of its accept loop.

Two shapes are worth knowing before reading further, because both differ from the obvious data structure: a header field name compares case-insensitively but is STORED as written (that is what goes on the wire), and a field may legitimately REPEAT with the order significant (Set-Cookie always does) — so headers are an insertion-ordered multimap, not a HashMap(String, String). And a status is a u16 newtype with 22 named constructors rather than an enum, because the registered set is OPEN: a peer may send a code this list does not carry, and an enum would have to reject or box it.

Stability

unstable — the type surface was reworked on 2026-09-09 (StatusCode replacing a bare status_code : i32, HeaderMap replacing ArrayList(HttpHeader)) and gained HttpResponse.version on 2026-09-10 for connection reuse, so it is inside its one-release window. One decided-convention violation is still standing: HttpRequest/ HttpResponse carry get_header/set_header beside the HeaderMap's own Rust-shaped get/insert/append, which is two spellings for one operation and the get_* prefix D2 rules out — the plan lists get_header among its D2 violations. Removing the pair is breaking, so it waits for a window; the multimap and StatusCode themselves are expected to stay.

Types

HttpError enum

HttpError

HTTP client error variants.

Variants

Variant	Fields	Description
`ConnectionFailed`	msg: String	Failed to connect to the remote host.
`InvalidUrl`	msg: String	The URL could not be parsed.
`Timeout`		The whole request (every connect, write, read and redirect hop) did not finish within `FetchOptions.timeout`. Never raised without one.
`TooManyRedirects`		The server kept redirecting past `FetchOptions.max_redirects` hops.
`UnsupportedScheme`	scheme: String	The URL scheme is neither `http` nor `https` (`https` speaks real TLS through `std/crypto/tls`, D6). Anything else is refused before any DNS or socket work — never downgraded (plans/archive/STD_API_AUDIT.md C1).
`ResponseTooLarge`		The raw response (status line, headers and body) grew past `FetchOptions.max_response_bytes`; the connection is dropped there.
`MalformedChunkedBody`	msg: String	A `Transfer-Encoding: chunked` body broke the RFC 9112 §7.1 framing — a chunk size that is not hex, a missing CRLF after a chunk, or a body that ended before its terminating zero chunk. `msg` says which.
`MalformedContentLength`	msg: String	A `Content-Length` header field whose value is not a single non-negative integer, or two `Content-Length` field lines that disagree. RFC 9112 §6.3 makes that unrecoverable framing rather than a body-less message, so it is raised instead of being read as "absent". `msg` names the defect.
`Other`	msg: String	An unclassified HTTP error.

Trait Implementations

Error Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

Methods

to_string : (HttpError) fn(self : HttpError) -> String

Serialize to wire format, on the status line's own version (so a parsed response round-trips). A Content-Length header is added when none is present (the byte length of body), so the peer can delimit the message without waiting for close.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpError

Returns: String

source : (HttpError) fn(self : HttpError) -> Option(dyn( + ToString))

The error that caused this one, or .None at the root of the chain.

Rust's Error::source. Defaulted to .None, so an error with nothing underneath it implements the trait by saying only what it is; a wrapper overrides it to hand back what it wrapped. Walking the chain to the root cause is not expressible yet — the returned Dyn loses the Error trait on an erased receiver, so a caller can print one link but cannot follow it (#521, issues/self-trait-in-a-return-type-loses-the-trait-on-an-erased-receiver.md).

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpError

Returns: Option(dyn( + ToString))

HttpMethod enum

HttpMethod

Standard HTTP request methods.

Variants

Variant	Fields	Description
`GET`
`POST`
`PUT`
`DELETE`
`HEAD`
`PATCH`
`OPTIONS`

Trait Implementations

ToString Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

impl(HttpMethod, ToString(...))

to_string :

(
      self ->
        match(
          self,
          .GET => `GET`,
          .POST => `POST`,
          .PUT => `PUT`,
          .DELETE => `DELETE`,
          .HEAD => `HEAD`,
          .PATCH => `PATCH`,
          .OPTIONS => `OPTIONS`
        )
    )

impl(HttpMethod, ...)

from_string : (HttpMethod) fn(s : String) -> Option(HttpMethod)

Parse a request-line method token (case-sensitive, as RFC 9110 §9.1 requires). .None for anything not in the enum.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`s`	String

Returns: Option(HttpMethod)

Methods

to_string : (HttpMethod) fn(self : HttpMethod) -> String

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpMethod

Returns: String

HttpHeader object

HttpHeader

An HTTP header as a name-value pair.

Fields

Name	Type	Description
`name`	String
`value`	String

impl(HttpHeader, ...)

new : (HttpHeader) fn(name : String, value : String) -> HttpHeader

Create a response with the given status and reason phrase.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: HttpHeader

HeaderMap object

HeaderMap

A header section — Rust's http::HeaderMap.

Two properties HTTP requires and a HashMap(String, String) cannot give:

field names are case-insensitive (RFC 9110 §5.1), so Content-Type and content-type are the same field. Comparison folds ASCII case; the name is STORED as written, because that is what goes on the wire.
a field may appear more than once (Set-Cookie always does), and the order of the repeated values is significant. So this is a multimap that preserves insertion order, backed by a list rather than a hash table.

insert replaces every existing value for a name, append adds one — the same split Rust draws, and the reason set_header on a request used to silently accumulate duplicates.

Fields

Name	Type	Description
`_entries`	ArrayList(HttpHeader)

Trait Implementations

ToString Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

impl(HeaderMap, ...)

new : (HeaderMap) fn() -> HeaderMap

Create a response with the given status and reason phrase.

Returns: HeaderMap

len : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap) -> usize

Number of field LINES, counting each repeat of a name separately.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap

Returns: usize

is_empty : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap) -> bool

True when there are no field lines.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap

Returns: bool

get : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap, name : String) -> Option(String)

The first value for name, or .None. Case-insensitive.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap
`name`	String

Returns: Option(String)

get_all : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap, name : String) -> ArrayList(String)

Every value for name, in the order the field lines appeared. Empty when the field is absent — which is what makes Set-Cookie usable.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap
`name`	String

Returns: ArrayList(String)

contains_key : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap, name : String) -> bool

True when name has at least one value. Case-insensitive.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap
`name`	String

Returns: bool

append : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap, name : String, value : String) -> unit

Add a value for name, KEEPING any existing values. Rust's HeaderMap::append.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: unit

insert : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap, name : String, value : String) -> Option(String)

Set name to exactly value, dropping every value it had. Rust's HeaderMap::insert. Returns the first previous value, if any — a caller overwriting a header usually wants to know it was there.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: Option(String)

remove : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap, name : String) -> usize

Remove every value for name, returning how many field lines went.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap
`name`	String

Returns: usize

entries : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap) -> ArrayList(HttpHeader)

The field lines in order — for serialization and iteration. The list is a snapshot: pushing to it does not change the map.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap

Returns: ArrayList(HttpHeader)

impl(HeaderMap, ToString(...))

to_string : (HeaderMap) fn(self : HeaderMap) -> String

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HeaderMap

Returns: String

StatusCode struct

StatusCode

An HTTP status code — Rust's http::StatusCode.

A u16 newtype rather than a bare integer, so the CLASS predicates (is_success, is_client_error, ...) live with the value instead of being re-derived at every call site, and so a status cannot be confused with a port, a length or a byte count. u16 because RFC 9110 SS15 fixes the range at three digits: a status is never negative, which an i32 allowed.

Fields

Name	Type	Description
`code`	u16

Trait Implementations

ToString Eq Ord Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

impl(StatusCode, ...)

from_u16 : (StatusCode) fn(code : u16) -> Option(StatusCode)

Wrap a raw code, or .None when it is outside the 100-599 range RFC 9110 SS15 defines. An unrecognized code INSIDE the range is accepted — a client must treat an unknown 4xx as 400, so refusing it would break the very forward-compatibility the classes exist for.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`code`	u16

Returns: Option(StatusCode)

as_u16 : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> u16

The raw code.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: u16

is_informational : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> bool

1xx — the request was received and the process continues.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

is_success : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> bool

2xx — the request succeeded.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

is_redirection : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> bool

3xx — further action is needed to complete the request.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

is_client_error : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> bool

4xx — the request was malformed or cannot be fulfilled.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

is_server_error : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> bool

5xx — the server failed to fulfil an apparently valid request.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

is_error : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> bool

True if the status is 4xx or 5xx.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

reason : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> String

The reason phrase RFC 9110 registers for this code, or Unknown.

The phrase is ADVISORY: a server may send any text and a client must not act on it — which is why this is a lookup here rather than a field, and why HttpResponse keeps whatever phrase the peer actually sent.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: String

impl(StatusCode, ToString(...))

to_string : (StatusCode) fn(self : StatusCode) -> String

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	StatusCode

Returns: String

impl(StatusCode, Eq(StatusCode)(...))

impl(StatusCode, Ord(StatusCode)(...))

impl(StatusCode, ...)

OK : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

CREATED : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

ACCEPTED : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

NO_CONTENT : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

MOVED_PERMANENTLY : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

FOUND : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

NOT_MODIFIED : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

TEMPORARY_REDIRECT : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

PERMANENT_REDIRECT : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

BAD_REQUEST : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

UNAUTHORIZED : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

FORBIDDEN : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

NOT_FOUND : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

CONFLICT : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

CONTENT_TOO_LARGE : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

TOO_MANY_REQUESTS : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

NOT_IMPLEMENTED : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

BAD_GATEWAY : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

GATEWAY_TIMEOUT : (StatusCode) fn() -> StatusCode

Returns: StatusCode

Methods

== : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

!= : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

< : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

<= : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

> : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

>= : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: bool

cmp : (StatusCode) fn(lhs : StatusCode, rhs : StatusCode) -> Ordering

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`lhs`	StatusCode
`rhs`	StatusCode

Returns: Ordering

HttpRequest object

HttpRequest

An HTTP request with method, path, headers, and optional body.

Fields

Name	Type	Description
`method`	HttpMethod
`path`	String
`headers`	HeaderMap	The response's header fields, in the order they arrived. A multimap: use `headers.get_all(name)` when a field can repeat, and note that `HttpResponse.to_string` writes these verbatim.
`body`	String	The body as received, byte-transparent — it is sliced out of the raw message on the CRLFCRLF boundary and wrapped without UTF-8 validation, so a binary body survives (a `String` here is a byte container, and `body.as_bytes()` is the safe way to read one).

Trait Implementations

ToString Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

impl(HttpRequest, ...)

new : (HttpRequest) fn(method : HttpMethod, path : String) -> HttpRequest

Create a response with the given status and reason phrase.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`method`	HttpMethod
`path`	String

Returns: HttpRequest

header : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest, name : String, value : String) -> HttpRequest

Add a header and return the response (builder pattern). APPENDS, so a repeatable field can be built up by chaining.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpRequest
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: HttpRequest

with_body : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest, body : String) -> HttpRequest

Set the body and return the response (builder pattern).

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes	Description
`self`	HttpRequest
`body`	String		The body as received, byte-transparent — it is sliced out of the raw message on the CRLFCRLF boundary and wrapped without UTF-8 validation, so a binary body survives (a `String` here is a byte container, and `body.as_bytes()` is the safe way to read one).

Returns: HttpRequest

set_host : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest, host : String) -> unit

Set the Host header, REPLACING any existing one — there is exactly one Host per request (RFC 9112 SS3.2), and appending a second used to put both on the wire.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpRequest
`host`	String

Returns: unit

set_header : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest, name : String, value : String) -> unit

Set a header, REPLACING every existing value for that name.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpRequest
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: unit

set_body : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest, body : String) -> unit

Set the request body.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes	Description
`self`	HttpRequest
`body`	String		The body as received, byte-transparent — it is sliced out of the raw message on the CRLFCRLF boundary and wrapped without UTF-8 validation, so a binary body survives (a `String` here is a byte container, and `body.as_bytes()` is the safe way to read one).

Returns: unit

get_header : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest, name : String) -> Option(String)

Look up a header value by name (case-insensitive). The first value, when the field repeats — self.headers.get_all(name) for all of them, which is what Set-Cookie needs.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpRequest
`name`	String

Returns: Option(String)

impl(HttpRequest, ToString(...))

to_string : (HttpRequest) fn(self : HttpRequest) -> String

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpRequest

Returns: String

HttpResponse object

HttpResponse

An HTTP response with status, headers, and body.

Fields

Name	Type	Description
`status`	StatusCode	The status. A `StatusCode`, not a bare `i32` — the class predicates belong with the value, and a status is never negative.
`status_text`	String	The reason phrase as the peer sent it, which may be anything (RFC 9110 §15 makes it advisory). `status.reason()` gives the registered phrase instead; keeping both means a proxy can pass the original through.
`version`	String	The version on the status line, as received — `HTTP/1.1` or `HTTP/1.0`. Kept for the same reason `status_text` is: a proxy passes it through, and connection reuse turns on it (an `HTTP/1.0` response without `Connection: keep-alive` ends its connection, RFC 9112 §9.3). `HttpResponse.new` defaults it to `HTTP/1.1`.
`headers`	HeaderMap	The response's header fields, in the order they arrived. A multimap: use `headers.get_all(name)` when a field can repeat, and note that `HttpResponse.to_string` writes these verbatim.
`body`	String	The body as received, byte-transparent — it is sliced out of the raw message on the CRLFCRLF boundary and wrapped without UTF-8 validation, so a binary body survives (a `String` here is a byte container, and `body.as_bytes()` is the safe way to read one).

Trait Implementations

ToString Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

impl(HttpResponse, ...)

new : (HttpResponse) fn(status : StatusCode, status_text : String) -> HttpResponse

Create a response with the given status and reason phrase.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes	Description
`status`	StatusCode		The status. A `StatusCode`, not a bare `i32` — the class predicates belong with the value, and a status is never negative.
`status_text`	String		The reason phrase as the peer sent it, which may be anything (RFC 9110 §15 makes it advisory). `status.reason()` gives the registered phrase instead; keeping both means a proxy can pass the original through.

Returns: HttpResponse

get_header : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse, name : String) -> Option(String)

Look up a header value by name (case-insensitive). The first value, when the field repeats — self.headers.get_all(name) for all of them, which is what Set-Cookie needs.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse
`name`	String

Returns: Option(String)

set_header : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse, name : String, value : String) -> unit

Set a header, REPLACING every existing value for that name.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: unit

is_ok : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse) -> bool

True if the status is 2xx.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse

Returns: bool

is_redirect : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse) -> bool

True if the status is 3xx.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse

Returns: bool

is_error : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse) -> bool

True if the status is 4xx or 5xx.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse

Returns: bool

with_status : (HttpResponse) fn(status : StatusCode) -> HttpResponse

A response with status and its registered reason phrase.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes	Description
`status`	StatusCode		The status. A `StatusCode`, not a bare `i32` — the class predicates belong with the value, and a status is never negative.

Returns: HttpResponse

header : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse, name : String, value : String) -> HttpResponse

Add a header and return the response (builder pattern). APPENDS, so a repeatable field can be built up by chaining.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse
`name`	String
`value`	String

Returns: HttpResponse

with_body : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse, body : String) -> HttpResponse

Set the body and return the response (builder pattern).

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes	Description
`self`	HttpResponse
`body`	String		The body as received, byte-transparent — it is sliced out of the raw message on the CRLFCRLF boundary and wrapped without UTF-8 validation, so a binary body survives (a `String` here is a byte container, and `body.as_bytes()` is the safe way to read one).

Returns: HttpResponse

impl(HttpResponse, ToString(...))

to_string : (HttpResponse) fn(self : HttpResponse) -> String

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpResponse

Returns: String

HttpParseError enum

HttpParseError

Why a raw HTTP message did not parse — the error of parse_request and parse_response, which are pure decoders and so return Result (D13). Each variant carries the offending text; to_string renders the line a server puts in its 400 body. Until 2026-09-06 the two functions returned Result(_, String), the one std shape a caller could neither match on nor distinguish from any other string (issues/fixed/http-parse-errors-were-bare-strings.md).

Variants

Variant	Fields	Description
`Empty`		No start line at all.
`InvalidStatusLine`	line: String	A response whose first line is not `HTTP/<v> <code> <text>`.
`InvalidStatusCode`	text: String	A status code that is not an integer.
`InvalidRequestLine`	line: String	A request line that is not exactly `<method> <target> <version>`.
`UnknownMethod`	name: String	A request method outside `HttpMethod`.
`UnsupportedVersion`	version: String	A request version other than `HTTP/1.1` / `HTTP/1.0`.
`InvalidHeaderLine`	line: String	A header line without a `:`.

Trait Implementations

Error Format

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString))

impl(generic(T : Type), where(T <: ToString), T : (ToString), Format)

format : fn(self : Self, spec : str) -> String

Render self under spec. An unrecognised spec degrades to the plain to_string() rendering rather than failing.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	Self
`spec`	str

Returns: String

Methods

to_string : (HttpParseError) fn(self : HttpParseError) -> String

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpParseError

Returns: String

source : (HttpParseError) fn(self : HttpParseError) -> Option(dyn( + ToString))

The error that caused this one, or .None at the root of the chain.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`self`	HttpParseError

Returns: Option(dyn( + ToString))

Functions

parse_response function

fn(raw : String) -> Result(HttpResponse, HttpParseError)

Parse a raw HTTP response into an HttpResponse.

The head is split from the body on the \r\n\r\n boundary and the body is sliced as BYTES — it may be binary, and it used to be reassembled by splitting the WHOLE message on \r\n and re-joining the tail lines one concatenation at a time: quadratic in the body size, and a substring over a UTF-8 continuation byte panics.

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`raw`	String

Returns: Result(HttpResponse, HttpParseError)

parse_request function

fn(raw : String) -> Result(HttpRequest, HttpParseError)

Parse a raw HTTP/1.1 request (request line, headers, body) into an HttpRequest. The body is taken verbatim — read_http_message has already decoded chunked framing when it read the message. Errors name the defect (Invalid request line, unknown method, unsupported HTTP version).

Parameters

Name	Type	Notes
`raw`	String

Returns: Result(HttpRequest, HttpParseError)

Module http/http

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Module `http/http`